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Millwoods Acupuncture Center
102, 2603 Hewes Way
Edmonton AB,   Canada

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麻黄系列

Chapter 2, Mahuang Series

Mahuang has function of creating sweat, releasing asthma, and improving urine. With the sweat function, it is the main herb used by the Master Zhang Zhongjing to remove the invaded Cold in the body surface. (If body surface is invaded by Wind, he uses the herb Guizhi). Mahuang siries, basically, is to bring the body from a condition as in winter (the person feels chilly) to summer (he feels hot, warm and sweat). In another way, it works to improve blood circulation, stimulate emotion sense, keep one in sharp mind, alert mind, have easy breath to support the body in a high circulation status. Due to this function, someone may develop difficulty in sleep.

The amount of Mahuang needed to create sweat depends on the season, as well as on person. For people in the north part of the earth, or if it is used in winder, cold weather, large amount of Mahuang is needed.

One of the most important herb formula in the Mahuang series is the Mahuang Tang. It works to warm up the body surface layer. The previous introduced Guizhi Tang works to warm up the body from inside to the out side layer.

 

Herb Mahuang  Mahuang (Herba Ephedrae)

(1). 麻黄汤方

Mahuang Tang

麻黄(去节)三两, 桂枝二两, 甘草(炙)一两, 杏仁(汤浸,去皮、尖)七十个.

Mahuang (remove stem joints) 45 gram, Guizhi (remove skin) 30 gram, Gancao (Processed) 15 gram, Xingren (remove skin and tips) 30 gram.

右四味,以水九升,先煮麻黄,减二升,去上 ,内诸药,煮取二升半,去渣,温服八合,覆取微似汗,不须啜粥,馀如桂枝法将息。

Add Mahuang and 2250 ml water into herbal pot. Bring to boil until the liquid in the pot is about 1750 ml (remove the floating residue from time to time). Add the remaining herbs in and continue to boil until the liquid volume is about 600 ml. Collect the liquid part (the herbal tea). Drink one third of the herbal tea. Lie down and cover the body for sweat. Not need to drink rice soup. Other requirement as for Guizhi Tang.

02  太阳病,头痛发热,身疼腰痛,骨节疼痛,恶风无汗而喘者,麻黄汤主之。

When in the Taiyang stage, if the person has headache, fever, pain in whole body, pain in lower back, pain in joints, dislike wind, no sweat but has asthma-like shot of breath, the herbal Mahuang Tang should be used mainly. [1]

05   脉浮者,病在表,可发汗,宜麻黄汤。脉浮而数者,可发汗,宜麻黄汤。

If a person has floating pulse, his disease is in Taiyang stage, and a healing sweat is needed. Mahuang Tang is recommended. If the pulse is floating and fast, the healing sweat with Mahuang Tang is still recommended. [2]

31  太阳病,脉浮紧,无汗,发热,身疼痛,八、九日不解,表证仍在,此当发其汗,麻黄汤主之, 服药已,微除,其人发烦目瞑;剧者,必衄,衄则解。所以然者,阳气重故也。

For Taiyang stage, if the person feels hot, pain in the body, no sweat and his pulse feels floating the tight, and if the condition has no improvement after eight to nine days, sweat therapy is needed by using Mahuang Tang. After drink the tea and if the condition is improved slightly, but the person feel annoyed and blurring in eyes, he will has bleeding in nose. After bleeding, the condition will then be improved since the Yangqiin the body is strong now.

33  伤寒脉浮紧,不发汗,因致衄,麻黄汤主之。

For Cold-invasion Taiyang stage, if the person has floating and tight pulse, but no sweat therapy is given, he may have bleeding in nose. To promote sweat, Mahuang Tang should be used. 

12  阳明病,脉浮,无汗而喘者,发汗则愈,宜麻黄汤。

In the Yangming stage, if the person has floating pulse, now sweat but asthma, a sweat therapy will improve the condition. Use Mahuang Tang. [3]

81  阳明中风,脉弦浮大而短气,腹部满,胁下及心痛,久按之气不通,鼻乾,不得汗,嗜卧,一身及目悉黄,小便难,有潮热,时时哕,耳前後肿,刺之小差,外不解,病过十日,脉续弦[4]者,与小柴胡汤。脉但浮,无馀证者,与麻黄汤,若不尿,腹满加哕者,不治。

In Wind-invasion Yangming stage, the person has floating and string and big pulse,[5] has short of breath, full stomach, pain in upper and side stomach area, stagnation feeling when pressed for a longer time, dry nose, hard to have sweat, tends and willing to lie down, yellow in color in whole body and eyes, hard in urine, wave-hot, Yue syndrome from time to time, swelling in front and in rear of the ears, and if acupuncture only helps little bit for the whole conditions but the Taiyang condition remains. If after ten days the conditions remain, the pulse is string, Xiao Chaihu Tang is used. If the pulse is only floating after the ten days, and no other new symptoms, Mahuang Tang is used. If he has no urine, feels fullness in Stomach and the Yue syndrome, it is difficult to treat. 

18  太阳病,十日以去,脉浮细而嗜卧者,外已解也。设胸满胁痛者,与小柴胡汤;脉但浮者,与麻黄汤。

With Shanghan disease in Taiyang stage for more than ten days, the person has a willingness to lie down, has floating and thin pulse, suggesting the surface Xieqi has been released. If the person still feels fullness and pain in the chest and in the side of upper stomach, use Xiao Chaihu Tang. If the person has floating pulse and has a willingness to lie down, use Mahuang Tang. [6]

02 太阳与阳明合病,喘而胸满者,不可下,宜麻黄汤。

With co-exist of Taiyang and Yangming stage, if the person has asthma and fullness in the chest, use Mahuang Tang, not bowel-cleansing therapy.

 

(2). 麻黄加术汤

Mahuang jia Baishu Tang

麻黄(三两,去节), 桂枝(二两,去皮) ,甘草(一两,炙) ,杏仁(七十个,去皮尖) ,白朮(四两)

Mahuang 45 gram, Guizhi 30 gram, Gancao (processed) 15 gram, Xinren 70 (remove skin and tips), Baishu 60 gram.

右五味,以水九升,先煮麻黄,减二升,去上沫,内诸药,煮取二升半,去滓。温服八合,覆取微似汗。

Add the Mahuang and 2250 ml water into a herbal pot. After the liquid is evaporated for about 500 ml, remove the upper floating herbal residue, ad the remaining herbs in. Continue to cook until the liquid in the pot is about 600 ml. Collect the herbal tea. Drink one third of the herbal tea, cover the body to create a sweat. 

湿家,身烦疼,可与麻黄加术汤,发其汗为宜,慎不可以火攻之。

For the Shi person with continuous pain in the body, use Mahuang jia Baishu Tang to create a sweat therapy. Do not use fire-roasting therapy

15 伤寒八、九日,风湿相搏,身体疼烦,不能自转侧,不呕不渴,脉浮虚而涩者,桂枝附子汤主之。(若脉浮实者,则又当以麻黄加术汤,大发其风湿也). 若其人大便硬,小便自利者,去桂枝加白术汤主之。

For eight to nine days of a disease similar to Shanghan[7], the person has Fengshi in the body and he feels pain in whole of the body[8] and annoyed, hard to turn the body, no nausea or thirsty. If his pulse is floating, weak and harsh[9], use Guizhi Fuzi Tang. (If the pulse is floating and strong, use Mahuang jia Baishu Tang). If he has hard stool but frequent urine, use Guizhi Fuzi que Guizhi jia Baishu Tang.

 

(3). 麻黄杏仁薏苡甘草汤方

Mahuang Xinren Yiyiren Gancao Tang

麻黄(去节,半两,汤泡) 甘草(一两,炙) 薏苡仁(半两) 杏仁(十个,去皮尖,炒)

Mahuang (remove the stem joints) 8 gram, Gancao (processed) 15 gram, Yiyiren 8 gram, Xinren 10 badges (remove skin and tips, fried).

13   病者一身尽疼,发热。日晡所剧者,此名风湿。此病伤於汗出当风,或久伤取冷所致也。(可与麻黄杏仁薏苡甘草)

If the person has pain all of the body, has fever that is sever especially on the evening, it indicates Fengshi disease[10]. The reason for this illness is either because he catch wind when he had sweat before[11], or when he touched cold repeatedly before[12].

 

(4). 麻杏石甘汤

Mahuang Xinggren Gancao Tang

麻黄(去节)四两, 杏仁(去皮尖)五十枚, 甘草(炙)二两, 石膏(绵裹,碎)半两

Mahuang 60 gram, Xingren 50 badges, Gancao (processed) 30 gram, Shigao 30 gram.

右四味以水七升,先煮麻黄减二升,去白沫,内诸药,煮取三升,去滓,温服一升。

Add Mahuang and 1750 ml water in herbal pot. Bring to boil until the total liquid in the pot is about 1250 ml. Remove the floating residue. Add other herbs in. Continue to cook until the total liquid part is about 750 ml. Collect the liquid part (herbal tea). Drink one third of the herbal tea. Repeat three times a day. This is one-day dose.

26  发汗後,不可更行桂枝汤,汗出而喘,无大热者,可与麻黄杏仁甘草石膏汤。

After sweat after sweat therapy, Guizhi Tang should not be repeated. In this case, if one has sweat, asthma but no fever, Mahuang Xingren Gancao Tang can be used.[13]

27  下後不可更行桂枝汤,若汗出而喘,无大热者,可与麻黄杏仁甘草石膏汤。

After bowel-cleansing therapy, Guizhi Tang should not be used again. Otherwise, the person may have sweat and asthma, though no strong hot. If this happens, Mahuang Xingren Shigao Gancao Tang can be used. [14]

 

(5). 越婢汤

Yuebi Tang

麻黄  六两,石膏  半斤,生姜  三两,甘草  二两,大枣  十五枚

Mahuang 90 gram, Shigao 125 gram, fresh ginger 45 gram, Gancao 30 gram, Chinese date 15 badges.


右五味,以水六升,先煮麻黄,上去沫,内诸药,煮取三升,分温三服。恶风者,加附子一枚,炮。风水,加术四两。

Add the Mahuang and 1500 ml water into a herbal pot. Bring to boil for 5 min. Remove the upper floating residue. Add the remaining herbs in. Continue the boiling until there is about 500 ml herbal tea left. Drink one third of the tea, three times a day.  If there is dislike-wind feeling, add Fuzi 30 gram (processed). For Fengshui condition, add Baishu 60 gram.

风水恶风,一身悉肿,脉浮不渴,续自汗出,无大热,越婢汤主之。恶风加附子

With Fengshui condition, if the peron feel dislike-wind feeling, has swelling all over the body, has no thirsty, but has sweat, no strong fever, and his pulse is floating, use Yuebi Tang. If he feels dislike-wind, add Fuzi in the formula.

 

(6). 越婢加术汤

Yuebi jia Baishu Tang


于越婢汤中加术四两

Add Baishu 60 gram into the Yuebi Tang

里水者,一身面目黄肿,其脉沉,小便不利,故令病水;假如小便自利,此亡津液,故令渴也,越婢加术汤主之。(设不腹大满急,此里水未实,不可下也。若小便自利,此亡津液作渴,非里有水作渴,亦不可利小便也。)

With Lishui condition of the Water disease, the person has swelling all over the body, deep pulse, difficult urine. This is light condition for the Lishui disease, the bowel-cleansing therapy should not be used. It is diagnosed as Lishui, not the Fengshui or Pishui condition, for the fact that the pulse is deep. In the Lishui condition, if the urine is too much and the person has thirsty, the thirsty is due to the depletion of water. In this case, even the urine therapy should not be used.

皮水,越婢加术汤主之,甘草麻黄汤亦主之。(里水,越婢加朮汤主之,甘草麻黄汤亦主之。?)

With Pishui condition, use Yuebi jia Baishu Tang or use Gancao Mahuang Tang.

《千金方》越婢加朮汤 治肉极, 热则身体津脱,腠理开,汗大泄,厉风气,下焦脚弱。

In another book << Qian Jin Fang >> this formula also works for Rouji condition, big sweat, joint pain, weakness in the feet and spasm in the shoulders.

 

(7). 越婢加半夏汤

Yuebi jia Banxia Tang

麻黄  六两,石膏  半斤,生姜  三两,大枣  十五枚,甘草  二两,半夏  半斤

Mahuang 90 gram, Shigao 125 gram, fresh ginger 45 gram, Chinese date 15 badges, Gancao 30 gram, Banxia 125 gram.

右六味,以水六升,先煮麻黄,去上沫,内诸药,煮取三升,分温三服。

Add Mahuang and 1500 ml in to a herbal pot. Bring to boil and keep in mild boiling for 5 min. Remove the upper floating residue, add the remaining herbs in, continue to boiling until there is 750 ml herbal tea left. Collect the tea. Drink one third of the tea each time, three times a day.

咳而上气,此为肺胀,其人喘,目如脱状,脉浮大者,越婢加半夏汤主之。

For person with frequent cough, asthma, and it is so severe that the person feels protrusion of the eyes, and the pulse is floating and big, the condition is called Feizhang[15]. Use Yuebi jia Banxia Tang

 

(8). 甘草麻黄汤

Gancao Mahuang Tang


甘草 
二两,   麻黄  四两

Gancao 30 gram, Mahuang 60 gram.


右二味,以水五升,先煮麻黄,去上沫,内甘草,煮取三升,温服一升,重复汗出,不汗再服,慎风寒。

Add the Mahuang and 1250 ml water into a herbal pot. Bring to boil for 5 min. Remove the upper floating residue. Add the Gancao in. Continue the boiling until there is about 750 ml herbal tea left. Drink one third of the tea, three times a day, until there is sweat. Be careful to avoid wind and cold.

皮水,越婢加术汤主之,甘草麻黄汤亦主之。

With Pishui condition, use Yuebi jia Baishu Tang or use Gancao Mahuang Tang.

 

(9). 麻黄附子甘草汤

Mahuang Fuzi Gancao Tang

麻黄(去节)二两, 附子(炮去皮,破八片)一枚, 甘草(炙)二两

Mahuang (remove the stem joints) 30 gram, Gancao 30 gram, Fuzi (processed, remove skin) 45 gram.

右三味,以水七升,先煮麻黄一两沸,去上沫,内诸药,煮取三升,去滓,温服一升,日三服。

Add the Mahuang and 1750 ml water into a herbal pot. Bring to boil, then keep in mild boiling for several minutes, (remove the upper floating herb residue). Add the remaining herbs in, continue to boiling until there is about 750 ml left. Collect the herbal tea. Drink one third of the tea each time, three times a day.

03  少阴病,得之二、三日,麻黄附子甘草汤微发汗,以二、三日无里证,故微发汗也。

With Shoyin stage for two to three days, if the person (has hot/fever), has no other symptoms (such as vomiting, stomach fullness or diarrhea) indicating an inside disorder, herb Mahuang Fuzi Gancao Tang is used to have a mild sweat. [16]

 

(10). 麻黄附子汤方

Mahuang Fuzi Tang


麻黄 
三两,甘草  二两,附子(炮)一枚

Mahuang 45 gram, Gancao 30 gram, Fuzi (processed) 30 gram


右三味,以水七升,先煮麻黄,去上沫,内诸药,煮取二升半,温服八合,日三服。

Add the Mahuang and 1250 ml water into a herbal pot. Bring to boil for 5 min. Remove the upper floating residue. Add the Gancao in. Continue the boiling until there is about 600 ml herbal tea left. Drink one third of the tea, three times a day.

水之为病,其脉沉小,属少阴。浮者为风,无水虚胀者为风[17]水,发其汗即已。脉沉者,宜麻黄附子汤,浮者,宜杏子汤。

With the Water disease, if the pulse is deep and small, it belongs to Shaoyin (Kidney-origin ). Floating pulse suggests the Wind. If there is no water but a hollow swelling, it is a Fengshui condition. Sweat therapy will work. If the pulse is deep, use Mahuang Fuzi Tang. If the pulse is floating, use Xinzi Tang.

 

(11). 麻黄附子细辛汤方

Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang

麻黄(去节)二两, 细辛二两, 附子(炮去皮,破八片)一枚

Mahuang (remove the stem joints) 30 gram, Xixin 30 gram, Fuzi (processed, remove skin) 45 gram.

右三味,以水一斗,先煮麻黄,减二升,去上沫,内诸药,煮取三升,去滓,温服一升,日三服。

Add the Mahuang and 2500 ml water into a herbal pot. Bring to boil, then keep in mild boiling until there is about 2000 ml liquid left in the pot (remove the floating herbal residue from time to time). Add the remaining herbs in, continue to boiling until there is about 750 ml left. Collect the herbal tea. Drink one third of the tea each time, three times a day.

02  少阴病,始得之,反发热,脉沉者,麻黄附子细辛汤主之。

If the Shaoyin stage has fever though the pulse is still deep, in the first several days, herb Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang is needed. [18]

 

(12). 葛根汤

Gegen Tang[19]

葛根  四两, 麻黄(去节)三两, 桂枝 二两, 芍药  二两, 甘草(炙)二两, 生姜(切)三,大枣(擘)十二枚

Gegen 60 gram, Mahuang (remove joints in the stem) 45 gram, Guizhi 30 gram, Shaoyao 30 gram, Gancao (processed) 30 gram, Fresh ginger 45 gram, Chinese date 12 badges.

右七味,俰咀,以水一斗,先煮麻黄葛根,减二升,去沫,内诸药,煮取三升,温服一升,覆取微似汗,不须啜粥,馀如桂枝法,将息及禁忌。

Add Mahuang and 2500 ml water into a pot. Bring to boil and keep it in mild boiling until there is about four fifth of liquid remained. Add other herbs in and continue to cook until the liquid in the pot is about 750 ml. Drink one third of the tea, covering the body to get slight sweat. No need to drink rice tea. Other requirement is as the same as for Guizhi Tang.

01 太阳与阳明合病者,必自下利,葛根汤主之。太阳与阳明合病,不下利,但呕者,葛根加半夏汤主之。

With co-exist of Taiyang and Yangming stage[20], if the person has diarrhea, use Gegen Tang[21]. If he has not diarrhea, but has nausea, use Gegen jia Banxia Tang.

07二阳并病,太阳初得病时,发其汗,汗先出不彻,因转属阳明,续自微汗出、不恶寒。若太阳证不罢者,不可下,下之为逆,如此可小发汗。设面色缘缘正赤者,阳气怫郁在表,当解以汗。(宜仍与麻桂各半汤,或桂枝二越婢一汤). 若发汗不彻,不足言,阳气怫郁不得越,当汗不汗,其人躁烦,不知痛处,乍在腹中,乍在四肢,按之不可得,其人短气,但坐,以汗出不彻故也,更发汗则愈。何以知汗出不彻,以脉涩故知也。(当更用大青龙汤或葛根汤).

Taiyang-Yangming developed condition. The person has had Taiyang stage and was given sweat therapy. However, the sweat therapy did not work in full to deplete all Xieqi from the body, so the disease develops to Yangming stage. He then has mild sweat, no chilly. If the Taiyang stage does not fully disappear, the bowel-cleansing therapy should not be used. It is a wrong therapy in this case to use the bowel-cleansing therapy. The herbs need in this case is mild sweat therapy again, especially if the person has pink color on his face[22], suggesting the Yangqi is floating on the body surface. If the sweat is again not to a complete level, the Yangqi cannot be released off, he will feel annoyed/impatience. He also feels pain here and there, but hardly be able to point the exact point of the pain. He may feel the pain sometimes in the stomach, sometimes in arm and legs. He feels not pain when pressing the so claimed pain spot. Because he feels short of breath, he cannot lie down, but sit. All is because the incomplete sweat, that is told by harsh pulse. [23]

04 太阳病,发热无汗,恶寒者,名曰刚痉 (葛根汤主之)。太阳病,发热汗出,而不恶寒,名曰柔痉。(栝蒌桂枝汤主之)

If person has similar condition as Shanghan Taiyang stage, if he has fever, chilly but not sweat, it is Gangjing[24]. If the person has fever and sweat, but no chilly, it is called Roujing[25].

05 太阳病,项背强几几,无汗恶风,葛根汤主之。

If person has similar condition as Shanghan Taiyang stage, if he feels tightness and slight spasm on the neck and back, feels dislike wind and has no sweat, use Gegeng Tang.  

太阳病,无汗而小便反少,气上冲胸,口噤不得语,欲作刚痉,葛根汤主之。

In Taiyang stage, the person has no sweat and the urine is unexpectedly short, he has air pushing-up feelin to the chest, the mouth is tight and hard to open to speak, all of the conditions suggests the onset of a Gangjing disease, use Gegen Tang.

 

(13). 葛根加半夏汤

Gegen jia Banxia Tang

於葛根汤内,加半夏半升,馀依葛根汤法。

Add Banxia 124 gram into the Gegen Tang. Cook the same way.

01 太阳与阳明合病者,必自下利,葛根汤主之。太阳与阳明合病,不下利,但呕者,葛根加半夏汤主之。

With co-exist of Taiyang and Yangming stage[1], if the person has diarrhea, use Gegen Tang[2]. If he has not diarrhea, but has nausea, use Gegen jia Banxia Tang.



[1] This is co-exist of two stages, the Yangming and the Taiyang stage. For Yangming, the person has hot, hard to fall sleep; for Taiyang, the person has hot, chilly but not sweat. In this case, solve the Taiyang surface condition first.

[2] This is Yangming diarrhea with Taiyang surface conditions. The Gegen Tang is used to release the Xieqi through sweat and stops the diarrhea (harmonizing therapy). If the person is in Shaoyin stage with diarrhea, the sweat therapy cannot be used. Otherwise the person will have fullness in stomach.

(14). 葛根芩连汤

Gegen Huanglian Huangqin Tang

葛根半斤, 黄芩三两, 黄连三两, 甘草(炙)二两

Gegen 95 gram, Gancao (processed) 30 gram, Huanglian 45 gram, Huangqin 30 gram.

右四味,以水八升,先煮葛根,减二升,内诸药,煮取二升,去滓,分温再服。

Add Gegen and 2000 ml water in herbal pot. Bring to boil until the liquid volume is about 1500 ml. Add the remaining herbs in and continue to cook until the total liquid volume is about 500 ml. Collect the water part from the mixture. Separate the mixture into several parts. Drink each part in one to two hour interval (until the asthma and diarrhea stop).

35  太阳病,桂枝证,医反下之,利遂不止,脉促者,表未解也,喘而汗出者,葛根黄芩黄连汤主之。

When in Taiyang stage and it is Guizhi Tang condition but a bowel-cleansing therapy is mis-used, that causes continuous diarrhea, the person feels asthma and sweat, Gegen Huangqin Huanglian Tang should be used.

 

(15). 桂枝麻黄各半汤

Guizhi Mahuang half-half Tang

桂枝一两十六铢, 芍药一两 ,生姜一两, 甘草(炙)一两, 麻黄(去节)一两, 大枣(擘)四枚, 杏仁(去皮、尖)二十四枚

Guizhi 26 gram, Shaoyao 15 gram, Fresh ginger 15 gram, Gancao (processed) 15 gram, Mahuang (remove joints) 15 gram, Chinese date 20 gram, Xinren (remove skin and tips) 10 gram.

右七味,以水五升,先煮麻黄一二沸,去上沫,内诸药,煮取一升八合,去滓,温服六合。

Add the Mahuang and 1250 ml water into a herbal pot. Bring to boil for 2 to 5 min, remove the upper floating herb residue, add the rest of the herbs in. Continue to boil and keep in mild boiling until the liquid volume is about 450 ml. Collect the herbal tea. Drink 150 ml of the tea, repeat after several hours.

07  太阳病,得之八、九日,如疟状,发热恶寒,热多寒少,其人不呕,清便欲自可,一日二、三度发,脉微缓者,为欲愈也;脉微而恶寒者,此阴阳俱虚,不可更发汗,更下更吐也;面色反有热色者,未欲解也,以其不能得小汗出,身必痒,宜桂枝麻黄各半汤。

The disease has been in the Taiyang stage for eight to nine days, the symptoms seem as malaria, the person feels fever and cold, but more fever and less cold, no nausea, bowel movement and urine are ok. Such condition repeats two to three times a day. If the pulse is slightly slow, it means that it will be recovered by the body itself. (No extra treatment is needed)[26]. If the pulse is weak and the person feels dislike cold, it means he is weak in body Yin and Yang in the body. Further sweat therapy, bowel-cleansing therapy or vomiting therapy is forbidden to use.[27] If his face is pink, seems having fever, it means the disease is not on the way to recover by the body itself. This is because he did not have slight sweat, so he should feel itch on the body. In this case, Guizhi Mahuang half-half Tang should be used.[28]

 

(16). 桂枝二麻黄一汤

Guizhi two Mahuang one Tang

桂枝一两十七铢, 芍药一两六铢, 麻黄(去节)十六铢, 甘草一两二铢, 杏仁(去皮、尖)十六枚, 生姜(切)一两六铢, 大枣(擘)五枚.

Guizhi 26 gram, Shaoyao 20 gram, Mahuang (remove joints) 26 gram, Gancao 17 gram, Xinren (remove skin and tips) 6.4 gram, Fresh ginger 20 gram, Chinese date 26 gram.

右七味,以水五升,先煮麻黄一、二沸,去上沫,内诸药,煮取二升,去滓,温服一升,日再服。

Add the Mahuang and 1250 ml water into a herbal pot. Bring to boil for 2 to 5 min, remove the upper floating herb residue, add the rest of the herbs in. Continue to boil and keep in mild boiling until the liquid volume is about 500 ml. Collect the herbal tea. Drink half of the tea, repeat after several hours.

06  服桂枝汤,大汗出,脉洪大者,与桂枝汤如前法。若形似疟,一日再发者,汗出必解,宜桂枝二麻黄一汤。

After drinking of Guizhi Tang, there is strong sweat and the pulse becomes big[29], repeat the Guizhi Tang as the way introduced before[30]; If the person feels as malaria (sometimes fever and sometimes cold, repeatedly) again and again during the day, sweat therapy will cure it. The Guizhi two Mahuang one Tang[31] should be used. 

 

(17). 桂枝二越婢一汤方

Guizhi two Yuebi one Tang

桂枝十八铢 芍药十八铢 甘草(炙)十八铢 石膏(碎,绵裹)二十四铢 麻黄(去节)十八铢 大枣(擘)四枚 生姜一两二铢

Guizhi (remove skin) 12 gram, Shaoyao 12 gram, Gancao 12 gram, Fresh ginger 20 gram, Chinese date 4 badges, Mahuang (remove stem joints) 12 gram, Shigao 16 gram.

右七味,以水五升,煮麻黄一、二沸,去上沫,内诸药,煮取二升,去滓,温服一升。本方当裁为越婢汤、桂枝汤合之,饮一升。今合为一方,乃桂枝汤二分,越婢汤一分。

Add Mahuang and 1250 ml water in herbal pot. Bring to boil for 2 to 5 minutes. Remove the upper floating residue. Add the remaining herbs in. Continue to cook until the water volume in the pot is about 500 ml. Collect the water supernatant. Drink one half of it.

09 太阳病,发热恶寒,热多寒少,脉微弱者,此无阳也,不可发汗,宜桂枝二越婢一汤。

In Taiyang stage and after sweat therapy, if one feels fever and dislike cold, with more fever than cold, and pulse is very weak, it means no Yangqiin the body. Further sweat therapy should not be used. The herb needed is Guizhi two Juebi one Tang[32].

 

(18). 大青龙汤

Da Qinglong Tang

麻黄(去节)六两, 桂枝二两, 甘草(炙)二两, 杏仁(去皮,尖)四十枚, 生姜(切)三两, 大枣(擘)十二枚, 石膏(碎,绵裹)如鸡子大。

Mahuang (remove stem joints) 90 gram, Guizhi (remove skin) 30 gram, Gancao (Processed) 30 gram, Xingren (remove skin and tips) 28 gram, Fresh ginger 45 grqam, Chinese  Date 62 gram, Shigao 30 gram.

右七味,以水九升,先煮麻黄,减二升,去上沫,内诸药,煮取三升,去滓,温服一升,取微似汗,汗出多者,温粉扑之。一服汗者,停後服。若复服,汗多亡阳,遂虚恶风,烦躁不得眠也。

Add Mahuang and 2250 ml water into herbal pot. Bring to boil and keep in mild boiling until the liquid part in it becomes about 1750 ml. Remove the floating residues. Add the remaining herbs in. Continue to boil until there is about 750 ml liquid left. Collect the liquid part (the herbal tea). Drink one third of the herbal tea and wait for sweat to come. When the sweat comes, stop to drink, otherwise, repeat the drinking after 2 to 3 hours until it comes. The mild sweat is required. If the sweat is too much, apply warm Huashi powder over the body to stop the sweat. Too much sweat will deplete Yangqiand makes person too weak, dislike wind, annoyed, and hard to fall into sleep, therefore is forbidden. 

01  太阳中风,脉浮紧,发热恶寒,身疼痛,不汗出而烦躁者,大青龙汤主之。若脉微弱,汗出恶风者,不可服,服之则厥逆,筋惕肉俽,此为逆也。

When Wind-envision in the Taiyang stage, the person has floating and tight pulse[33], fever, chilly, pain the body, no sweat but annoyed, irritable emotionally and physically, Da Qinglong Tang is the main formula[34]. However, if the pulse is weak, the person has sweat and dislike wind, it shouldn’t be used. Otherwise the person will have reverse cold in hands and feet, irritable body movement, muscle jumping and spasm – a wrong treatment. (Herb Zhenwu Tang should be used to correct the problem)

02  伤寒脉浮缓,身不疼,但重,乍有轻时,无少阴证者,大青龙汤发之。

For Cold-invasion Shanghan disease, if the person has floating and slower pulse, no pain in the body but heavy feeling in the body from time to time (not always), and there are no more indications to Shaoyin condition[35], the Da Qinglong Tang can be used.[36]

07  二阳并病,太阳初得病时,发其汗,汗先出不彻,因转属阳明,续自微汗出、不恶寒。若太阳证不罢者,不可下,下之为逆,如此可小发汗。设面色缘缘正赤者,阳气怫郁在表,当解以汗。(宜仍与麻桂各半汤,或桂枝二越婢一汤). 若发汗不彻,不足言,阳气怫郁不得越,当汗不汗,其人躁烦,不知痛处,乍在腹中,乍在四肢,按之不可得,其人短气,但坐,以汗出不彻故也,更发汗则愈。何以知汗出不彻,以脉涩故知也。(当更用大青龙汤或葛根汤).

Taiyang-Yangming developed condition. The person has had Taiyang stage and was given sweat therapy. However, the sweat therapy did not work in full to deplete all Xieqi from the body, so the disease develops to Yangming stage. He then has mild sweat, no chilly. If the Taiyang stage does not fully disappear, the bowel-cleansing therapy should not be used. It is a wrong therapy in this case to use the bowel-cleansing therapy. The herbs need in this case is mild sweat therapy again, especially if the person has pink color on his face[37], suggesting the Yangqi is floating on the body surface. If the sweat is again not to a complete level, the Yangqi cannot be released off, he will feel annoyed/impatience. He also feels pain here and there, but hardly be able to point the exact point of the pain. He may feel the pain sometimes in the stomach, sometimes in arm and legs. He feels not pain when pressing the so claimed pain spot. Because he feels short of breath, he cannot lie down, but sit. All is because the incomplete sweat, that is told by harsh pulse. [38]

22  形作伤寒,其脉不弦紧而数,数者必渴,被火者必谵语,数者,发热脉浮,解之当汗出愈[39](【注】若脉浮数,发热,解之当以汗,汗出可愈,宜大青龙汤。脉沉数发热,解之当以下,下之可愈,宜调胃承气汤。若脉数无表 证,惟发热而渴谵语者,不可汗下,宜白虎汤、黄连解毒汤,清之可也。)

The person’s condition appears as Shanghan disease. The pulse is not string and tight, but frequent. Person with a frequent pulse must have thirsty. The person will have also Chattering syndrome if he is roasted with fire. Person with the frequent pulse has hot and floating pulse too. Use sweat therapy. If the pulse is floating and frequent, the person has hot, use Da Qinglong Tang to create sweat therapy; if the pulse is deep and frequent, the person has hot, use Tiaowei Chengqi Tang to create a bowel-cleansing therapy; if the pulse is frequent but no Taiyang or Yangming inside condition, the person has only hot and thirsty and Chattering syndrome, use Baihu Tang, Huanglian Jiexu Tang to clear the Xieqi).

病溢饮者,当发其汗,大青龙汤主之,小青龙汤亦主之。

With the Spilling-water accumulation, use sweat therapy with Da Qinglong Tang, or Xiao Qinglong Tang. 

 

(19). 文蛤散

Wenhe San

文蛤[40] 五两

Wenhe 78 gram.

右一味,为散,沸汤和一钱匕服,汤用五合。

Grind the herb into powder. Drink 1 gram with about 125 ml of hot water.

53  病在阳,应以汗解之,反以冷水洗之,若灌之,其热被却不得去,弭更益烦,肉上粟起,意欲饮水,反不渴者,服文蛤散;若不差者,与五苓散。身热皮粟不解,欲引衣自覆者;若水以 之洗之,益令热被却不得出,当汗而不汗则烦。假令汗出已,腹中痛,与芍药三两如上法。

When a disease is in Taiyang stage, it should be resolved with a sweat therapy. If the person is given cold water to wash, to shower, to drink, his fever will remain and gain more annoyed emotionally. There will be lots of millet-like dotes on the skin (higher than the skin surface). The person has desire to drink water, but does not feel thirsty, herb Wenhe San should be used; if this herb does not work, try Wuling San. If the fever and skin dots remain, and he is eager to cover himself[41], but water wash is given, the cold water closes the skin to prevent evaporation of the fever, and causes annoyed feeling. If a correct sweat therapy has been used with sweat, but the person feels stomach pain, add herb Shaoyao (into the Guizhi Tang). 

渴欲饮水不止者,(不口干舌燥),文蛤散主之。[42]

If the thirsty continues so that the person drinks water again and again, use Wenge San.

 

(20). 小青龙汤

Xiao Qinglong Tang[43]

麻黄(去节)三两, 芍药三两, 五味子半升, 乾姜二两, 甘草(炙)三两, 半夏(洗)半升, 桂枝三两, 细辛三两.

Mahuang (remove joints) 45 gram, Shaoyao 45 gram, Wuweizi 25 gram, Ganjiang 30 gram, Gancao (processed) 45 gram, Banxia (washed) 124 gram, Guizhi 45 gram, Xixin 45 gram.

右八味,以水一斗,先煮麻黄、减二升,去上沫,内诸药,煮取三升,去滓,温服一升。

加减法:若渴,去半夏加栝蒌根三两。

若噎者,去麻黄加附子一枚(炮)。

若小便不利,少腹满,去麻黄加茯苓四两。

若喘,去麻黄加杏仁半升(去皮尖)。

若微利,去麻黄加茯苓四两[44]

Add Mahuang and 2500 ml water into a herbal pot. Bring to boil and keep in mild boiling until there is about 2000 ml. Remove the floating herb residue. Add the remaining herbs in and continue the cook until the liquid is about 750 ml. Drink one third of the tea each time, three times a day.

If thirsty, remove Banxia, but add Guolugen 45 gram;

If with burping, remove Mahuang, but add Fuzi (processed) 30 gram;

If with difficult in urine and full in lower stomach, remove Mahuang, but add Fuling 60 gram;

If with asthma, remove Mahuang, but add Xinren (remove skin and tips) 40 gram;

If with slight diarrhea, remove Mahuang, but add Fuling 60 gram.

11 伤寒表不解,心下有水气,乾呕发热而咳,或渴、或利、或噎、或小便不利,少腹满,或喘者,小青龙汤主之。

If the Cold-invasion Shanghan disease is in the Taiyang stage and it continues, and if the reason for the delayed recovery is due to the presence of Shuiqi in the upper stomach[45], the one will feel dry nausea, fever, cough, he may also have thirsty, or diarrhea, or burping, or hard in urine, full in lower stomach, or have asthma. In this case, Xiao Qinglong Tang is the main formula to use.[46]

12 伤寒,心中有水气,咳而微喘,发热不渴, 小青龙汤主之。服汤已,渴者,此寒去欲解也。

If there is Shuiqi in the Upper Jiao Cavity (within the chest), and the person now attacked by Cold-invasion Shanghan disease, the disease could stimulate the Shuiqi to cause cough and slight asthma, hot but no thirsty. After drinking the Xiao Qinglong Tang, and if the person feels thirsty[47], it suggests the recovery of the disease, not a worse prospect.

妇人吐涎沫,医反下之,心下即痞,当先治其吐涎沫,小青龙汤主之。涎沫止,乃治痞,泻心汤主之。

If a woman spits saliva, it is a Cold condition and needs warm herbal formula to solve the problem. However, if she is given a bowel-cleansing therapy, she will develop fullness in the upper abdomen. To solve the spiting saliva, use Xiao Qinglong Tang. After the stop of the spiting, start to treatment the fullness, using Xiexin Tang.

病溢饮者,当发其汗,大青龙汤主之,小青龙汤亦主之。

With the Spilling-water accumulation, use sweat therapy with Da Qinglong Tang, or Xiao Qinglong Tang. 

咳逆倚息不得卧,小青龙汤主之。

If the person has frequent cough, asthma, so that he is hard to lie down for a sleep, use Xiao Qinglong Tang.

 

(21). 小青龙加石膏汤

Xiao Qinglong jia Shigao Tang


麻黄
,芍药,桂枝细辛甘草干姜各三两,五味子半夏各半升,石膏  二两

Mahuang 45 gram, Shaoyao 45 gram, Guizhi 45 gram, Xixin 45 gram, Gancao 45 gram, Ganjiang 45 gram, Wuweizi 25 gram, Banxia 62 gram, Shigao 30 gram.

右九味,以水一斗,先煮麻黄,去上沫,内诸药,煮取三升,强人服一升,羸者减之,二、三服,小儿服四合。

Add Mahuang and 2500 ml in to a herbal pot. Bring to boil and keep in mild boiling for 5 min. Remove the upper floating residue, add the remaining herbs in, continue to boiling until there is 750 ml herbal tea left. Collect the tea. Drink one third of the tea each time, three times a day. For skinny person, drink less amount. For children, drink 100 ml each time.

肺胀,咳而上气,烦躁而喘,脉浮者,心下有水,小青龙加石膏汤主之。

For person with the Feizhang condition, has cough, asthma, annoyed/impatience, has floating pulse, it suggests he has Shiqi (Water Xieqi) in the stomach. Use Xiao Qinglong jia Shigao Tang.

 

(22). 射干麻黄汤

Shegan Mahuang Tang

射干 三两,麻黄 四两,生姜 四两,细辛,紫苑, 款冬花各三两,五味子 半升,大枣七枚,半夏 半升

Shegan 45 gram, Mahuang 60 gram, fresh ginger 60 gram, Xixin 45 gram, Ziyuan 45 gram, Kuandonghua 45 gram, Wuweizi 25 gram, Chinese date 7 badges, Banxia 124 gram.

右九味,以水一斗二升,先煮麻黄两沸,去上沫,内诸药,煮取三升,分温三服。

Add Mahuang and 3000 ml in to a herbal pot. Bring to boil and keep in mild boiling for 5 min. Remove the upper floating residue, add the remaining herbs in, continue to boiling until there is 750 ml herbal tea left. Collect the tea. Drink one third of the tea each time, three times a day.

咳而上气,喉中水鸡声,射干麻黄汤主之。(此为肺冷在经,治以辛散). 

If the person has frequent and urgent cough with water-air noise in the throat[48], use Shegan Mahuang Tang.

 

(23). 厚朴麻黄汤

Houpo Mahuang Tang


厚朴 
五两,麻黄  四两,石膏  如鸡子大,杏仁  半升,半夏  半升,干姜  二两,细辛  二两,小麦  一升,五味子  半升

Houpo 78 gram, Mahuang 60 gram, Shigao 40 gram, Xinren 25 gram, Banxia 124 gram, Ganjiang 30 gram, Xixin 30 gram, Xiaomai 240 gram, Wuweizi 25 gram.


 
右九味,以水一斗二升,先煮小麦熟,去滓,内诸药,煮取三升,温服一升,日三服

Add Xiaomai and 3000 ml in to a herbal pot. Bring to boil and keep in mild boiling until the Xiaomai is eatable. Remove the residue, add the remaining herbs in, continue to boiling until there is 750 ml herbal tea left. Collect the tea. Drink one third of the tea each time, three times a day.

(肺胀)咳而脉浮者,厚朴麻黄汤主之。脉沉者,泽漆汤主之。

If the person has Feizhangcough[49] and floating pulse, use Houpo Mahuang Tang. If his pulse is deep, use Zeqi Tang.[50]

 

(24). 桂枝去芍加麻黄附子细辛汤

Guizhi qui Shaoyao, jia Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang


桂枝
三两,生姜三两,甘草二两,大枣十二枚,麻黄细辛各一两,附子(炮)一枚

Guizhi 45 gram, fresh ginger 45 gram, Gancao 30 gram, Chinese date 12 badges, Mahuang 15 gram, Xixin 15 gram, Fuzi (processed) 30 gram.


右七味,以水七升,煮麻黄,去上沫,内诸药,煮取二升,分温三服,当汗出,如虫行皮中即愈。

Add the Mahuang and 1750 ml water into a herbal pot. Bring to boil for 5 min. Remove the upper floating residue. Add the remaining herbs in. Continue the boiling until there is about 500 ml herbal tea left. Drink one third of the tea, three times a day. The person should have sweat and has kind of feeling as worm moving under the skin. Such feeling suggests the cure.

师曰:寸口脉迟而涩,迟则为寒,涩为血不足;趺阳脉微而迟,微则为气,迟则为寒。寒气不足,则手足逆冷;手足逆冷,则荣卫不利;荣卫不利,则腹满肠鸣,相逐气转膀胱,荣卫俱劳,阳气不通,即身冷,阴气不通,即骨疼。阳气前通则恶寒,阴气前通则痹不仁。阴阳相得,其气乃行,大气一转,其气乃散,实则失气,虚则遗溺,名曰气分。「桂枝去芍药加麻黄附子细辛汤主之」

If the pulse is late and harsh in the wrist, late pulse suggests Cold and harsh pulse indicates short of blood. If the pulse is mild and late, the mild is Qi and the late pulse suggests Cold. With Cold and weak in the Qi, the person feels reverse cold in the hands and feet, which again causes harsh movement of the Rongqi and Weiqi; again the fullness in abdomen and sound noise in the intestine. The Qi pushes into the urine bladder, the Rongqi and Weiqi are depleted. With the harsh movement of the Yangqi (the Rongqi and Weiqi), the body is cold; if the Yinqi is stagnated, the person has pain in the bones. If the Yangqi moves first but the Yinqi does not follows, the person feels chilly. If the Yinqi moves first but the Yangqi does not follow, the person will have tightness and stiffness and pain. When the Yangqi and Yinqi meets, the whole body Qi starts to move, then the Xieqi will deplete away, which shows as either a urine leakage or a fart. In such case, the Cold invaded in the body when the body has insufficiency in the Qi, so it is termed Qi harshness condition. Use Guizhi qui Shaoyao, jia Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang.


气分,心下坚,大如盘,边如旋杯,水饮所作,桂枝去芍药加麻黄附子细辛汤主之。

With the Qi harshness disease, the person feels hard and solid in the upper abdomen, the stomach enlarged as a big plate there. This is due to Water Xieqi accumulation there. Use Guizhi qui Shaoyao, jia Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang

 

(25). 麻黄连翘赤小豆汤

Mahuang Lianqiao Chixiaodou Tang

麻黄(去节)二两, 赤小豆一升, 杏仁(去皮、尖)四十枚, 生姜(切)二两, 大枣(擘)十二枚, 甘草(炙)二两, 生梓白皮(切)一升, 连轺二两

Mahuang (remove stem joints) 30 gram, Chixiaodou 124 gram, Xinren (remove skin and tips) 16 gram, Fresh ginger 30 gram, Chinese date 62 gram, Gancao (precessed) 30 gram, Xingbaipi 124 gram[51], Lianqiao 30 gram.

以上八味,以潦水一斗,先煮麻黄,再沸去上沫,内诸药,煮取三升,分温三服,半日则尽。

Add Mahuang and 2500 ml water into a herbal pot. Bring to boil and keep in mild boiling for about 5 to 10 min. Remove the floating herb residue from time to time. Add the remaining herbs in, continue the mild boiling until the total liquid in the pot is about 750 ml. Collect the herbal tea. Drink one third of the tea each time, three times a day. 

54 伤寒瘀热在里,身必发黄,麻黄连轺赤小豆汤主之。

If a Cold-invaison Shanghan disease has accumulated Fire inside, the person will have jaundice. Herb Mahuang Lianqiao Chixiaodou Tang is the main choice. [52]

08 湿家之为病,一身尽疼,发热,身色如似熏黄。(湿证发黄,须分阴阳表 。阳湿,在里茵陈蒿汤;在表麻黄连轺赤小豆汤。阴湿,在里白术附子汤,在表麻黄白术汤,此阴湿在表而发黄也。)

It is termed Shi syndrome if one feels pain in whole of the body, has fever and dark-yellow color in whole body[53]. (For the jaundice, there are different kinds of jaundice. If the jaundice belongs to Yang condition, [54] and if the Xieqi is in the inside of the body, use Yinchenghao Tang; if the Xieqi is in the surface of the body, use Mahuang Lianqiao Chixiao Dou Tang. If the jaundice belongs to Yin jaundice, and if the Xieqi is in the inside of the body, use Baishu Fuzi Tang; if the Xieqi is in the surface of the body, use Mahuang Baishu Tang. The conditions here indicate the Yin jaundice, body surface condition).

 

(26). 续命汤

Xuming Tang

麻黄 桂枝 当归 人参 石膏 干姜 甘草(各三两) (一两) 杏仁(四十枚)

Mahuang 45 gram, Guizhi 45 gram, Danggui 45 gram, Renshen 45 gram, Shigao 45 gram, Ganjiang 45 gram, Gancao 45 gram, Chuanqiong 15 gram, Xinren 40 badges.

右九味,以水一斗,煮取四升,温服一升,当小汗,薄覆脊,凭几坐,汗出则愈。不汗更服,无所禁,勿当风。并治但伏不得卧,咳逆上气,面目浮肿。

Add the herbs and 2500 ml water into a herbal pot. Bring to boil and keep in mild boiling until there is about 1000 ml herbal tea left. Drink one quarter of the herbal tea. Cover the person, let him sit down against a table. It should have mild sweat. Drink next one quarter of the tea if there is no sweat. Prevent wind. This formula also works for hard to sleep, cough, swelling in face.

《古今录验》续命汤 治中风痱,身体不能自收,口不能言,冒昧不知痛处,或拘急不得转侧。

In another book << Gu Jin Lu Yan >>, this formula also works for Zhongfenfei condition, in which the body cannot bend, mouth cannot speak. The person feels hard to tell the exact place of the pain in the body. Or he has strong spasm in the body so that he cannot turn the body to side.

 

(27). 桂枝芍药知母汤

Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu Tang


桂枝
 四两,芍药 三两,甘草 二两,麻黄 二两,生姜 五两,白术 五两,知母 四两,防风 二两,附子(炮)二枚

Guizhi 60 gram, Shaoyao 45 gram, Gancao 30 gram, Mahuang 30 gram, Fresh ginger 78 gram, Baishu 78 gram, Zhimu 60 gram, Fangfeng 30 gram, Fuzi (processed) 2 badges.


右九味,以水七升,煮取二升,温服七合,日三服。

Add the herbs and 1750 ml water into a herbal pot. Bring to boil and keep in mild boiling until there is about 500 ml liquid left. Collect the herbal tea. Drink one third of the tea each time, three times a day.

诸肢节疼痛,身体尪羸,脚肿如脱,头眩短气,温温欲吐,桂枝芍药知母汤主之。(注:本段提示寒为痹症原因之一)

If the person feels pain in various small joints, and his body is very thin/slim[55], his feet is very swelling, he feels dizzy and short of breath[56], has willing to vomit[57], use Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu Tang for the treatment. [58]

 

(28). 三黄汤

San Huang Tang

麻黄(五分) 独活(四分) 细辛(二分) 黄芪(二分) 黄芩(三分)

Mahuang, Duihuo, Xixin, Huangqi, Huangqin

右五味,以水六升,煮取二升。分温三服,一服小汗,二服大汗。心热加大黄二分,腹满加枳实一枚,气逆加人参三分,悸加牡蛎三分,渴加栝蒌根三分,先有寒加附子一枚。


《千金》三黄汤 治中风手足拘急,百节疼痛,烦热心乱,恶寒,经日不欲饮食。

In another book << Qian Jin Fang >>, this formula is recommended to treat Wind-invasion. The person feels spasm in hands and feet, pain in small joints, annoying hot and impatient, chilly, no appetite at all whole the day.

 

(29). 牡蛎汤

Muli Tang

牡蛎(四两,熬) 麻黄(四两,去节) 甘草(二两) 蜀漆(三两)

Muli (processed) 60 gram, Mahuang 60 gram, Gancao 30 gram, Shuqi 45 gram.

右四味,以水八升,先煮蜀漆、麻黄,去上沫,得六升,内诸药,煮取二升,温服一升。若吐,则勿更服。

Add the Shuqi and Mahuang first with 2000 ml water into a herbal pot. Bring to boil for 10 ml, remove the upper floating residue until there is about 1500 ml herbal tea left. Add the remaining herbs in, continue to boil until there is about 500 ml herbal tea left. Drink one half of the tea. If the person has vomit, stop to drink.

《外台秘要》方 牡蛎 治牡疟。

In another book << Wai Tai Mi Yao >>, this formula is used for the treatment of Munue disease (kind of Malaria).

 

(30). 麻黄升麻汤

Mahuang Shenma Tang

麻黄(去节)二两半, 升麻一两一分, 当归一两一分, 知母十八铢, 黄芩十八铢, 萎蕤十八铢, 石膏(碎绵裹)六铢, 白术六铢, 乾姜六铢, 芍药六铢, 天冬(去心)六铢, 桂枝六铢, 茯苓六铢, 甘草(炙)六铢,

Mahuang 40 gram, Shengma 17 gram, Dangui 17 gram, Zhimu 12.6 gram, Huangqin 12.6 gram, Weishen 12.6 gram, Shaogao 4.2 gram, Baishu 4.2 gram, Ganjiang 4.2 gram, Shaoyao 4.2 gram, Tianmendong 4.2 gram, Guizhi 4.2 gram, Fuing 4.2 gram, Gancao (processed) 4.2 gram.

右十四味,以水一斗,先煮麻黄一、二沸,去上 ,内诸药,煮取三升,去滓,分温三服,相去如炊三升米顷,令尽。汗出愈。

Add Mahuang and 2500 ml water into a herbal pot. Bring to boil and keep in mild boiling for several minutes. Remove the upper floating bubble and herbal residues. Add the rest of the herbs in, keep in mild boiling until there is about 750 ml liquid left in the pot. Collect the herbal tea. Drink one third of the tea each time, repeat every 2 hours to finish all of the tea, until the person has sweat to cure.

08 伤寒六、七日,大下後,寸脉沉而迟,手足厥逆,下部脉不至,咽喉不利,唾脓血,泄利不止者,为难治,麻黄升麻汤主之。

With Shanghan disease for six to seven days, the person has been given bowel-cleansing therapy and now feels Jue syndrome, spit pus and blood, has continuous diarrhea, harsh in throat. His pulse is deep and slow in the Chun position and no pulse in the Chi position. This condition is hard to improve. Mahuang Shengma Tang is used.[59]

 

(31). 升麻鳖甲汤

Shengma Biejia Tang
       

升麻(二两) 当归(一两), 蜀椒(炒去汗,一两), 甘草(二两) 鳖甲(手指大一片,炙), 雄黄(半两,研)

Shengma 30 gram, Danggui 15 gram, Shujiao (fried to remove moisture) 15 gram, Gancao 30 gram, Biejia (processed) one, about 1 cm in diameter size.
       

右六味,以水四升,煮取一升,顿服之。老少再服,取汗。

Add the herbs and 1000 ml water into a herbal pot. Bring to boil and keep in mild boiling until there is about 250 ml liquid left. Drink all herbal tea once to create sweat.

阴毒之为病,面目青,身痛如被杖,咽喉痛,五日可治,七日不可治,升麻甲汤,去雄黄蜀椒主之。

If the person feels sour in throat, very much pain in the body that is so severe as beaten by rod, has blue-purple color on the face, it is called Yindu disease. For this condition, it is curable within five days, but not if it is aleady for seven days. Use Shengma Biexia Tang but remove Xionghuang and Shujiao.



[1] Mahuang Tang is very important herbal formula. Compared with the Gegen Tang, both are used for one with fever but no sweat (Guizhi Tang condition has sweat), but the Mahuang Tang condition is used for more severe conditions: one has higher fever, larger area of pain in the body, and has asthma-like short of breath. Whereas in the Gegen Tang, the muscle tightness is narrow in shoulder area, fever is not very high, and asthma-like short of breath comes after misuse of bowel-cleansing therapy that caused diarrhea.

 

Compared with the Guizhi Tang, the Mahuang Tang is used for one without sweat, whereas the Guizhi Tang is used for one with sweat. The body indicating to the Mahuang Tang is stronger than the body condition to the Guizhi Tang. In other words, Mahuang Tang is used to persons who is strong physically with more muscle mass in the body (usually the labor workers), whereas the Guizhi Tang is used for those who is thin and weak and who are commonly office workers.

[2] When the Mahuang Tang is to use, check and make sure the person has no his own sweat.

[3] The pulse in the Yangming should be big and floating. If it is only floating, it means that the Xieqi is remains partly in the Taiyang stage, so does the “no sweat but asthma”. Therefore, the principle is to remove the Xieqi from the Taiyang stage. Herb Mahuang Tang is used (since it works for the no sweat asthma).

[4] In original version, the pulse here is “floating”.

[5] All of the conditions here suggests the co-exist of various Yang and Yin stages: floating pulse suggests Taiyang stage;  string pulse, Shaoyang stage; big pulse, Yangming stage. Again, no sweat, Taiyang condition; hard urine, Taiyang organ stage; pain in upper stomach and side of stomach and Qi stagnation feeling when press, swelling around the ears, Shaoyang stage;  dry nose, and fullness in stomach, wave-hot, Yangming stage, willing to lie down, Shaoyin stage; jaundice, Taiyin stage. In such complex condition, a proper treatment is to work on the Shaoyang stage, so the Xiao Chaihu Tang is used.

[6] Some one explained that if there are floating pulse, as well s  headache, hot, chilly, no sweat, use the Mahuang Tang.

[7] On the day of eight to nine, the person has no nausea (Shaoyang stage) or thirsty (Yangming stage), suggesting that he has no Shanghan disease.

[8] Pain in whole body suggests Wind invasion.

[9] Harsh pulse means Coldshi and the Xieqi is in the meridian.

[10] Feng means Wind. Shi means Wetness.

[11] Such as when one has sport, so has lots of sweat in wind weather or in strong air conditioning rooms.

[12] Such as one had been using cold ice patch on the body (when he has sport damage on the body), or use ice bath to reduce body temperature (such as seen in hospital to reduce high fever condition). Just as an example. Readers should be reminded that some paragraphs are talking about Shi body, some about Fire and Cold in the Shi body, some about the Fengshi condition. Exposure to cold usually causes Coldshi where as exposure to wind causes Fengshi condition.

[13] After sweat, no strong fever and no dislike cold, suggests that the disease is no longer in the Taiyang stage; sweat but no dislike hot suggests that the disease is not in Yangming stage. Athma with sweat only suggests that the disease is in Taiyin (lung) stage.

 

Remember: asthma followed bowel-cleansing therapy when the disease is in Taiyang stage needs Guizhi-plus-Houpo Xingren Tang; if in this case, the person has asthma, sweat, diarrhea with fast pulse, Gegen Huanglian Huangqin Tang is needed. Now, asthma with sweat but no apparent fever needs Mahuang Xingren Cancao Shigao Tang. This is pretty commonly used herbs for asthma. 

[14] Here clearly indicated that the Mahuang Xingren Shigao Gancao Tang can be used for the treatment of asthma: asthma, sweat, but not strong fever, after sweat therapy or after bowel-cleansing therapy. In practice, even if the person has no history of sweat therapy or cleansing therapy but has asthma and sweat, this herb formula can be tried. If one has asthma but no sweat, herb Xiao Qinglong Tang is commonly used.

[15] Feizhang: a condition similar to pulmonary emphysema, the term used by western medicine.

[16] In this condition, the pulse should also be deep, not deep, thin and weak. The condition is relatively mild, compared with the Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang above.

[17]为气水之「气」字,当是「风」字,若是「气」字,则无发汗之理,且通篇并无气水之病。

[18] This is a co-exist of a Taiyang and a Shaoyin stages. Or a person in a Shaoyin stage but was catch a new invasion of a disease. The Taiyang stage causes hot/fever, and turns the original deep, thin and weak pulse into deep pulse. Typical sweat therapy should not be used. The correct therapy is to expel the Xieqi from the Taiyang (the use of the herb Mahuang) together with the support of the Shaoyin (the use of the Fuzi and Xixing). This condition is very popular in those of patients who has been ill for a long time and is weak in body condition basically. This is a very important herb formula in clinic.

[19] This formula is based on Ghuizhi Tang: Guizhi Tang plus Mahuang and Gegen.

[20] This is co-exist of two stages, the Yangming and the Taiyang stage. For Yangming, the person has hot, hard to fall sleep; for Taiyang, the person has hot, chilly but not sweat. In this case, solve the Taiyang surface condition first.

[21] This is Yangming diarrhea with Taiyang surface conditions. The Gegen Tang is used to release the Xieqi through sweat and stops the diarrhea (harmonizing therapy). If the person is in Shaoyin stage with diarrhea, the sweat therapy cannot be used. Otherwise the person will have fullness in stomach.

[22] Red-pink color on face needs to be distinguished with Yin deficiency  condition, Yang floating condition (due to overwhelming Yinqi in the body), Ling Gui Wei Gan Tang condition and Da Jiexiong Tang condition. This means the red color is slight, not dark and the person has no high fever. If the person has red face, high fever, strong sweat, it suggests a Yangming meridian condition: Baihu Tang condition. 

[23] If there has had sweat therapy but it is not complete, use Mahuang Guizhi half-halt Tang, or Guizhi two Yuebi one Tang to create mild sweat again to harmonizing the body surface. If the person feels pain here and there but cannot point exactly where it is, or, when press the pain point, he feels no pain, and if he feels annoyed, pink-red color on face, short of breath, has harsh pulse, it means the Xieqi is accumulated on the skin. In this case, use Da Qinglong Tang or Gegen Tang to create little bit stronger sweat.

[24] Gangjing: gang means strong and hard here.

[25] Roujing: rou here means soft, not hard.

[26] Note that the condition is that the person any sign for disease in inside of the body – no nausea and bowel movement and urine are ok

[27] There are many clinic conditions in which person feel sometimes fever/hot and sometimes cold – similar to malaria. For example, one with menopause syndrome can feel hot flash and cold repeatedly. Depending on the extent of the hot and cold, herbal therapy is different. 

 

Always remember that the sweat therapy, bowel-cleansing therapy and vomiting therapy require the body condition is reasonably stronger – the pulse is not too weak. If, under some conditions, one of the therapy has to be used, close monitor is very important.

[28] Mahuang Tang is another herb formula. Here means to take half dose of Guizhi Tang and half dose of Mahuang Tang and mix them together to cook. In clinic, this formula is also used to skin itch: if a person has itch with hot feeling on face. The success rate will be higher if the person is with floating pulse and no usually no sweat.

[29] If the person’s pulse feels big and if he has heavy sweat and very thirst, his disease may have come into the Yangming stage.

[30] Usually after sweat, the pulse should be deeper and becomes soft on touch. Now, the sweat is strong but the pulse is big, suggesting that the invaded disease has not been fully removed out of the body yet. The body is activating its defense system to counteract the disease, so the pulse is big. Further more Guizhi Tang will help the body to do the last expel work.

[31] Take two part of Guizhi Tang and one part of regular amount of Mahuang Tang. Mix them together to drink.

[32] Take two parts of Guizhi Tang and one part of Yuebi Tang. Mix them together to drink as one dose of herbal formula.

[33] With Wind-invasion, the pulse is floating and slow; with Cold-invasion, it is floating. Now a floating and tight pulse suggests the invasion of both Wind and Cold. Therefore the Da Qinglong Tang is the combination of both Guizhi Tang (for Wind) and Mahuang Tang (for Cold), plus herb Shigao (to remove more Fire inside).

[34] Wind-invasion typically cause fever, sweat and dislike wind. Here it said that if the wind-invasion caused more like a Cold-invasion: fever, no sweat and more pain in the body, and more annoyed (irritable emotion and body movement), Da Qinglong Tang should be used. Da Qinglong Tang belongs to the Mahuang series, so it is used in fever, no sweat but strong annoyed feeling. In clinic, the fever is not so needed indication for the use of Da Qinglong Tang. Many clinic conditions are with annoyed feeling. This formula is only one of them. If the disease is in the Taiyang stage with strong annoyed feeling, Da Qinglong Tang should be kept in mind to use. The person who can tolerate the Da Qinglong Tang should be strong, so if he is weak in pulse, and if he has sweat, both of which indicating a weak body condition, it should not be used. In clinic, there are many people with anxiety (not means sometimes happy and sometimes sadness), who are in the Taiyang stage (no other healthy disorders), Da Qinglong Tang is the good choice (better than the Xiao Chaihu Tang – the one the textbook TCM doctors usually use).

[35] Shaoyin condition: one feels weak to lie down, pulse feels deep and weak. The body is not heave but weak. The weakness feels always, not from time to time. Another clinic condition with heavy body is the Wet-invasion, in which the heavy feeling is also always  there,

[36] Here is another clinic indication for the use of Da Qinglong Tang: heavy feeling in the body from time to time. There are other kinds of clinic condition with the heaviness of body: the Wet-invasion condition and Wet-accumulation condition. For the Wet-invasion condition, one feels heavy always and in whole body. In the wet-accumulation condition (the wetness accumulated in the body due to disorder of water metabolism, to lack of Yang Qi, etc.), one feels heaviness mostly in or lower than the lower back (such as in legs).

 

Remember the condition for the use of the Da Qinglong Tang: pulse is floating, with either annoyed (irritable emotion and body) or heaviness in the body.

[37] Red-pink color on face needs to be distinguished with Yin deficiency  condition, Yang floating condition (due to overwhelming Yinqi in the body), Ling Gui Wei Gan Tang condition and Da Jiexiong Tang condition. This means the red color is slight, not dark and the person has no high fever. If the person has red face, high fever, strong sweat, it suggests a Yangming meridian condition: Baihu Tang condition. 

[38] If there has had sweat therapy but it is not complete, use Mahuang Guizhi half-halt Tang, or Guizhi two Yuebi one Tang to create mild sweat again to harmonizing the body surface. If the person feels pain here and there but cannot point exactly where it is, or, when press the pain point, he feels no pain, and if he feels annoyed, pink-red color on face, short of breath, has harsh pulse, it means the Xieqi is accumulated on the skin. In this case, use Da Qinglong Tang or Gegen Tang to create little bit stronger sweat.

[39] 【按】三「弱」字,当俱是「数」字,若是「弱」字,热从何有?不但文义不属,且论中并无此说。

[40] Wenhe is also named Wubeizi.

[41] Suggests he feels chilly and so the disease is still in the Taiyang stage.

[42] If the person feels thirsty, drinks water but vomit the water, it is Wuling San condition. If he feels thirsty and dry mouth, it is Baihu jia Renshen Tang condition. Here, he feels thirsty, but no vomiting or dry mouth, it is Wenge San condition.

[43] Xiao Qinglong Tang is used for person who has Shuiqi in the body before the attack by the Cold. It is used for person who has no sweat. Wuling San is also used for person who has Shuiqi in the body but is attacked by Wind. Xiao Qinglong Tang is also used to treat Shuiqi in the surface of the body, e.g. such as skin swelling, similar to the use of Yuebi Tang. However, the Xiao Qinglong Tang is for Cold swelling, whereas the Yuebi Tang is for Fire/Hot swelling. Such swelling can be ordinary swelling in the feet, leg, it can also be a local phenomenon as urticaria. Similarly, a local swelling in the nose, that causing a running nose, and that is also called a kind of allergic reaction, is well solved by the Xiao Qinglong Tang.

[44] In original version, it is to add “Raohua”, not the “Fuling”.

[45] Shuiqi means something as water, humidity, water vapor. When a person with such Suiqi, he could have various symptoms, depending on the position of the Shuiqi in the body. If the Shuiqi is in the Upper Jiao cavity, he will feel cough, asthma, Yue syndrome; if it is in the Middle Jiao Cavity, he may have nausea, bloating in stomach; if it is in the Low Jiao Cavity, he may have hard in urine, and fullness in the lower stomach area.

[46] Xiao Qinglong Tang expel the Suiqi out of the body, and remove Cold Shuiqi inside. It, as the Da Qinglong Tang, is a strong sweat therapy.

[47] At this movement, only give the person water to drink little by little. Thirsty is a mark that the Xiao Qinglong Tang works.

[48] The Cold and Water Xieqi push up to cause the cough and water-air bubble noise in the throat.

[49] Here the cough means scattered cough, not a frequent and urgent cough.

[50] Cough with floating pulse: Wind invasion and the Xieqi is in the outside layer of the body. Use Houpo Mahuang Tang to expel the Xieqi from the body surface. Cough with deep pulse: Water Xieqi in the inside of the body. Use Ziqi Tang to deplete the Xieqi from urine.

[51] Xingbaipi can be replaced by herb Yinchen.  

[52] If a person has Wet syndrome inside, then an attack by Cold may cause jaundice after coming into the Yangming stage and mixed with the Wet there.  This herb tea works to remove the Xieqi from the skin and urine. 

[53] Basically jaundice is kind of the Shi syndrome in TCM.

[54] Yang jaundice: the skin yellow color is bright. The course of the disease is also usually short/acute. Yin jaundice: the skin yellow color is dark, not bright, the disease course is long: chronic. 

[55] Body is too slim/thin: the body Zhenqi is weak but Xieqi is too much.

[56] Dizzy and short of breath: weakness of Yangqi.

[57] Willing to vomit: overwhelming of Cold Xieqi in the body.

[58] Wutou Tang is used for overwhelming of Shiqi in the body, the body has yellow sweat. Here, the Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu Tang is used for overwhelming of Cold. In another words, support Yangqi is the main function of the herb formula, depletion of cold-shi is second. Fresh ginger is more in the formula, since there is tendency to vomit.

[59] For a condition of upper Fire but lower body Cold, if there is no Taiyang surface condition, Huanglian Tang is used. Here, the person has body surface condition, so use the Mahuang Shengma Tang.